delany



(No Model.) v 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

P. B. DELANY.

ELECTRICAL SYNOHRONOUS MOVEMENT. No. 286,278.

Patented Oct. 9, 1883,

Patric/i ,BDeZarJ a By his flftorneys (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. B. DELANY.

ELEGTRIGAL SYNGHRONOUS MOVEMENT.

Patented Oct. 9, 1883.

W Dn m W E Q Nk T 0 3 SheetsSheet 3 P. B. DELANY.

ELECTRICAL SYNGHRONOUS MOVEMENT.

(No Model.)

Patented Oct. 9, 1883.

WITNE 6L.

%am Ww 9%;

N. PETERS. PholmLllhographer, wmmy UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lKkTlllF-li l3. DELANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGXOR TO THESTANDARD ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SADIE PLAt E.

ELECTRICAL SYNCHRONOUS MOVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,278, dated-October 9, 1883. Application filed April 12, 1883. NI) model.)

[0 n/ZZ whom it may (lo/warn:

3e it known that I, PATRICK B. DET. \;\'Y, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to what is known as synchronous telegraphy, or that system in which the successful transmission of messages is dependent upon the synchronous movement of apparatus at transmitting and receiving stations. In other words, the apparatus at the different stations must move simultaneously and perform each unitary movement in the same time. Momentary variations within limits, either of acceleration or retardation,which are automatically and immediately corrected by retarding or accelerating electrical impulses under my system are not imperfections in the operation of my invention.

Various devices have heretofore been employed for operating such synchronous movements. Among these a tuned fork, automatically vibrated by a local battery, has been arranged to transmit to magnets actuating a vibrating fork at the distant station a series of electric impulses corresponding in number with its vibrations.

It has also been proposed to employ a tuned fork vibrated by a local battery to make and break a second circuit for electrically driving and rotating apparatus, and from the apparatus so rotated to send to the distant station, by means of suitable contacts, a predetermined number of impulses for each revolution of the apparatus, to vibrate the tuned fork at the distant station, the natural rate of vibration of the fork, which is tuned at the same pitch as the fork at the sending-station, being relied upon. to maintain the synochronism of the two forks during the intervals between such impulses.

1 am also aware that in an organization like that last referred to it has been proposed to divide the face of the rotary apparatus at each station into a series of electrically-insulated contacts, over which a trailing arm should sweep, some of said contacts being devoted to the sending of a predetermined number of electrical impulses over the line from one end or station, for the pn rpose of vibrating the fork which makes and breaks the circuit of the electrically-rotated apparatus at the other station, and the remainder of the contacts being devoted to the electrical transmission of messages, or for other purposes where synchronous movements are required.

The fork-vibrating impulses, under the sys tem above outlined, are transmitted at pre determined intervals regardless of the fact whether the fork at the distant station vibrating in time with the fork at the transmitting-station.

It is very difficult to obtain a series of tuned forks which so accurately correspond as to vibrate at exactly the same rate. The forks be ing vibrated by electro-magnets through the coils of which the current is automati rally made and broken for each vibration of the fork, the tines of the fork necessarily vibrate more or less through a magnetic field, and for this reason their normal rate of vibration is modified. In vibrating against the contacts,

which are necessarily very light and elastic,

the tines of the fork alternately follow up the contact of the spring in vibrating in one direc tion, and are followed by the spring-contact in vibrating in the opposite direction, so that the impulses of magnetic attraction in the vibratou magnets are more or less prolonged; and for this reason the vibration of the fork is modified. Owing to these considerations, and perhaps to others which it is deemed unnecessary to here recite, it is difficult to obtain a lasting synchronous movement of electrically conneeted apparatus suitable for the practical transmission of telegraphic messages.

The object of my invention is to remedy all the difficulties which have heretofore been experienced in obtaining and maintaining such movements, and to provide an apparatus organized for the telegraphic transmission of messages in which the synchronism of the apparatus at the different stations is absolutely insured, and can be maintained for long periods of time without adjustmenhaiid with p erfect accuracy.

The system of operation and the details of my invention are hereinafter described and claimed so .far as this particular application is concerned. The right to file otherapplications, however, for any subjects-matter herein shown or described, but not claimed either broadly or in detail, is distinctly reserved.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a portion of the apparatus, showing two electrically-connected stations. Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly broken away, and Fig. 3 an elevation of the electrically-driven apparatus, by means of which the message and correcting-impulses aretransmitted over the line. Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of the electrically-actuated apparatus at one station connected up with batteries, and telegraphic receiving and transmitting apparatus for quadruplex operation; and Fig. 5 is a view of the apparatus for indicating when the instrumentat one of the stations is running faster or slower than that at the other.

To maintain the synchronous movement of the apparatus, I make use of a circuit-breaker, preferably a vibrator, at each station, electrically actuated by an independent local circuit. These vibrators may be of any character, the sole condition being that they shall vibrate in response to the action of electromagnets, the circuit in the coils of which is rapidly made and broken, or be vibrated by electrically-controlled apparatus. Thus a vibratory tongue, bar, reed, or diaphragm of any charactersuitable to fulfill the conditions of the apparatus may be employed; but it is not necessary that the vibrator shall be confined at one end and freeat the other, as a vibratory strip confined at both ends and held either under tension or not, may be employed;

7 and such vibrators confined at the ends may vary from a straight metal strip to a diaphragm.

I prefer, however, to avail myself of tuned reeds or forks which possess a normal rate of vibration dependingupon the tone to which 'they are tuned, I have shown in the drawings tuned forks of ordinary construction, and I prefer to employ them on account of the ease with which they may be adjusted, although my invention, as above mentioned, is not dependent upon their use. By employing forks which are tuned to correspond as nearly as possible, so as to give equal or approximately equal numbers of vibrations per second, the apparatus at the different stations may be'arranged so that when the forks are vibrated by their independent local circuits at each station their rates of vibration willbpiapproximately equal.

(1i al the rates of vibration the more easi y the apparatus can be brought to synchronism; and the synchronous movement may be maintained with fewer correcting-impulses than where the normal rates of vibration of the different forks are more 1111- equal. With this general explanation, I will proceed to a detailed description of my invention, which will render the entire system clear to those skilled in the art.

Referring, first, to Fig. 1, two stations, X

that the poles of the magnet may be approached to or withdrawn from the tines of the fork with great nieety, to regulate their rate of vibration. 011 the inner faces of the tines of the fork, platinum contactsm w are placed, which make and break contact with very delicate platinum contact springs or fingers 'yy, which are carried upon adjustable insulated arms or levers B B, pivoted upon the bed-plate of the apparatus. These arms are adjusted by thumbscrews I), against which they are drawnby spiral springs, so that the platinum spring contact-pieces may be adjusted with great delicacy and firmness relatively to the contacts carried on the tines of the fork.

The local circuit, which is indicated by the fine dotted lines, runs from the positive pole of the battery through the coils of the vibratormagnet to the point a. From this point the circuit runs to the insulated lever B, contact spring thereon, tine of the fork, head or support A of the fork, and back to the opposite pole of the battery. sparks between the platinum contact :12 and 1 a shunt containing a resistance, It, is run from the head or support A of the fork to the point a in the local circuit. When the fork is mechanically started into vibration, its local cir- In'order to prevent IOO cuitwill be automatically made and broken in the ordinary way, and its vibration be maintained continuously by the electro-magnets A. The contact 00 011 the opposite tine of the fork vibrates against a platinum spring contactfing'er, y, on the insulated arm B, and at that point, as the fork vibrates, makes and'break-s another local circuit, which contains the battery and magnet which continuously rotate the transmission apparatus 0. This circuit, which I will callthe motor-circuit, is indicated by the broken lines, and runs from the positive pole of the battery D to the lever B, through its platinum contact-finger y, the tine of the fork wto the head or support A of the fork; then, by wire (I, through the coils of the motor-magnet D D back to the opposite pole of the battery. 'A shunt containing a resistance, R, is run from the head or support of the fork to the line of the circuit between the positive pole of the battery and the lever B,

will make and break the motor-circuit, and will alternately magnetize and demagnetize the cores of the magnet I) D. The cores of this magnet are preferably somewhat pointed, and their faces are'formed on the arc of a circle to permit the teeth 0 of the rotary electrieal transmission apparatus Owhich teeth constitute the armatures of the magnet D D to pass in as close proximity to the faces of the poles of the magnet as possible.

The apparatus is illustrated in detail in Figs. 2 and 3. The base-plate E, which is provided with the usual binding-screws for the electrical connections, carries a vertical rotary shaft, F, which has its lower bearing in the bed-plate and its upper bearing in a bridge, E. A circular table, F, upon which a series of insulated contacts are arranged, is placed concentrically around the vertical shaft F. A radial arm, F projects from the vertical shalt F, and is provided with a socket and set-screw at its outer end, in which a trailing or sweeping contact-finger, f, is adjnstably secured, so that it will sweep around the circular table F over and in contact with the series of insulated contact-pieces arranged thereon. A spring contact-ar1n, electrically connected with the main line, projects from a post,' G, and bears upon an enlargement or hub, g, on the vertical shaft F. There is therefore an electrical connection from the main line through the spring-arm 9, vertical shaft, and trailing contact-finger f, with the insulated contacts arranged on the circular table. Just above the hub the toothed armature-disk is keyed to the vertical shaft. A cylindrical case, I-I, arranged concei'it'rically with the vertical shaft F, is carried on the upper face of the toothed armature-disk, and is filled with mercury, to equalize the speed of rotation. This, however, is not my invention, nor is the operation of my apparatus dependent upon. it, though I prefer to employ it. The magnet l) I) is carried by a rightangled standard, I, in the foot of which is an elongated guideslot for the reception of a screw bolt, 1 This standardis adjusted to approach the cores of the magnet to or withdraw them from the armature-teeth oi the disk 0 by means ofa screw, 1, carried in the upright part of the plate K on which the sliding standard is mounted.

The apparatus just described is that which is indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 1. In the latter figure, for convenience of illustra tion, the table of contacts F is illustrated as placed above the armature-disk O. \Vhen the motor circuit is automatically made and broken at each vibration of the fork, as above described, the cores of the magnet Dare alternately n'iagnatized and demagnatized, and the armature-disk caused to rapidly rotate. In starting the disk an impulse of rotation of somewhat greater speed than the speed at which it will be rotated by its actuating-magnet should be imparted to it by means of a thumb-piece on the vertical shaft F, or otherwise, and then, as the speed of the disk gradually decreases, the arnntture-teeth will come into proper relation to the poles of the mag net and into time with the makes and breaks of the motor-circuit, and the disk will be conthe vertically-rotating shaft F, and the tinuously driven by the motor-magnet. Vith a little practice, the disks may be started, as above indicated, without difficulty. This arran gement for driving the armat-nredisk forms no part of my invention, however, is well known, and needs no further description.

I have shown on the circular tables of contacts F sixty insulated contactpieces, the con tacts on each table being numbered from 1 to in six independent series. Under the organization shown, two numbers in each series of ten are connected in the same circuit, and as there are six series, each of the circuits so connected will have twelve contacts for each revolution of the wheel. Thus, as will appear from the drawings, the 1s and 5s in each series are all connected in the same circuit, the 2s and 6s in another circuit, the 8s and 7s in another circuit, and the 4s and 8s in another circuit. The contacts from one to eight in each series are therefore apportioned among four independent circuits, and each circuit will receive twelve contacts and twelve electrical impulses, as will be hereinafter described, for each revolution of the trailing finger.

The improved organization of telegraphic transmitting and receiving instruments for use in connection with my apparatus is illus trated in Fig. -t, from which it will be seen that the relay R connected by wire 1' with the contacts 1 and 5, the relay R by the wire 1' with the contacts 2 and 6, the relay It by the wire r with the contacts 3 and '7, and the relay R by the wire r with the contacts 4 and S. The instruments and circuits at both stations are arranged as illustrated in this figure, and are hereinafter more particularly described. For the present it will be sufficient to bear in mind that the corresponding relays at each station are connected with the correspondingly-numbered contacts. \Vhen, therefore, the trailing contact-finger f at each station is upon the contacts bearing the same number, the corresponding instruments connected to those contacts at each station will be placed in connnunicatiou over the line, the circuitbeing completed through the contact finger f, the radial arm in which it is mounted, springarin y, with which the main line is connected. As the trailing fingers f at the two stations continue to move synchronously they will pass to the next contact, and successively overall the contacts at each station. During the moment when the moving contactfingers f are upon correspoinlingly nu mbercd contactpieces at each station, the circuit is complete and entirely independent of the other circuits and instruments from the instrument at one station to the corresponding instrument at the other station. As, under the arrangement shown, there are six series of numbered contacts, and as each instrument at both stations is electrically connected with two of the confacts of each series in one revolution of the second, (and I have operated telegraphically with a fork vibrating at that rate,) and that there are thirty armatureteeth on each of the disks 0, the armature-disks. and trailing fingers will be rotated two and-five-sixths times per second, and the corresponding instruments at the two stations will therefore be placed in independent electrical communication thirty-.

four times in every second. Such a number of contacts per second gives to each set of op- 7 erators a practically unbroken circuit. The

- negative pole.

operators at the corresponding instruments at the two stations may therefore communicate with each other in either direction, as if they were operating upon an independent line devoted entirely to their own use.

The organization for transmitting and ,receiving under this system is illustrated in Fig. 4. The relays R R R It are connected with the series of contacts on the contact-table, and the circuit is completed from each relay either to the ground through the line '0, if the switches p are placed upon their upper contacts, as illustrated at 1% R, or to the keys and battery, if the switches are on their lower contacts, as at R In the former case the operators will be ready for receiving, and in the latter for transmitting. The main battery MB is preferably split and grounded at the middle, and the back stops of the keys are connected with its positive pole, and the front stops with its In transmitting, therefore, succeedingimpulses of opposite polarity are employed, and for this reason I preferably use polarized relays. I do not, however, limit the invention to reverse current transmission or polarized relays. The local batteries LB are connected up in multiple are, as indicated by the dotted lines 8, and, as will beplain from the drawings, without describing the running of the circuits. The polarized relays and sounders operate in the usual well-known way.

It will be obvious that the operators at the two stations can work independently. and that it is a matter of indifference whether four messages are being sent in one direction, .or three in one direction and one in the other,or in any other way, because, as above described, the line between the corresponding instruments at the two stations is always as separate and independent as if the line was de voted solely to their use. The successful operation of the system is dependent, however, upon the substantially synchronous movement of the apparatus, and I will now describe the means which I have shown in this case for accomplishing that result.

In speaking of the contacts as being apportioned among four telegraphic instruments at each station, it will have been noticed that the 9s and 10s were not described as connected with any of the telegraphic instruments or cir- These contacts I devote to maintaining cnits. the synehronal movement of the apparatus.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be observed that at station X three of the 9s farthest removed from each other are connected together and to a battery, K, and that three of the 10s farthest removed from each other are connected to each other and to a line, 1, which v passes through two correcting or regulating coils, A A ,'on the cores of the vibrator-mag net A A, and thence to ground. The remain 'iug three intermediate 9s and 10s are thrown out or unconnectedwith any circuit. At station Y the 9s corresponding to those connected to the battery at station X are thrown out, whilethe alternate 9s, which correspond with those thrown out at station X are con nected with the battery I, and the 10s, at station Y,which are connected with each other and with the correcting-coils A A fon the cores of the vibrator-magnet correspond with those which were thrown out at stationX, the 10s at station Y corresponding to the connected lOs at station X being also thrown out or unconnected. At both stations the three 10s which are connected with the correcting-coils on the cores of the vibrator-magnets are built out or extended toward the ad joining 9s, which are not connected with any circuit. \Vhen the trailing contact-armsf at both stationsare moving synchronously, and rest on corresponding contacts and on about the same portions of these contacts, the line will be in condition for telegraphic transmission. If the apparatus atY runs a trifle faster than that at X, the finger f at Y will touch the extended side of a 10 contact. \Vhile the finger at X is still on a battery-connected 9 a current or impulse of electricity will be sent from the battery K through the contact 9 and Exactly the same operation occurs tion from either end of the line when the apparatus at one station moves faster than that at the other. As the connected 10s are extended toward the adjoining 9s a variation of speed very much less than that suflicient to carry one trailing finger across the space between any two of the other contacts is imme- I diately corrected, and there isno danger, therefore, of any disturbance by bridging before the variation is corrected.

= I prefer to connect the correcting-contacts as above described, so that three correcting- 1mpulses of electricity may be received over the line for each revolution of the trailing finger. Under this organization, when the trailing finger at one station is on a connected 10 the finger at the other station will be on the corresponding unconnected 10. and the circuit will be open; so, when the fingers are on the 9s one of them will be connected to a correcting battery, and the other will be unconnected. If desired, however, all the 9s may be connected to each other and to the batteries, and all the 10 s maybe connected to each other and with the correcting-coils. \Vith the contacts thus connected, when the fingers at both stations are upon 9s the two correcting-baiteries will be opposed to each other, and when they are upon 10s there will be a complete circuit from the ground and correcting-coils at one station to the correcting-coils and ground at the other station; but there will be no battery on the line. Should either one of the fingers run faster than the other, the corrections will take place exactly as above described, and six correcting-impulsesmay be received in one revolution of the trailing fingers.

It will be noticed that in this instance the correcting or regulating impulses are deterring ones. The apparatus may just as well be arranged for acceleration when one instrument runs slower than the other. The only modification necessary is to reverse the bat tery and correcting coil-connections, extend the 9s toward the lOs, and place the accelerating-magnet between the tines of the fork. Such an accelerating-n1agnet is described and illustrated in other applications for a syn chronous movement, filed by me simultaneously herewith, and serially numbered 91,489 and 91,490. It may be well, however, to say here that the vibrator-magnet, which is placed outside of the tines of the fork, creates magnetic fields, through which the tines vibrate, and which, to some extent, retard and interfere with their vibration, so that the vibration is slower than if the tines did not move through such a resistance. Any impulse of electricity therefore which increases the strength of these fields acts as a further retardation, as above described, while, on the contrary, if the vibrator or magnet is placed on the outside, as herein illustrated, and another magnet be placed be tween the tines of the fork, any magnetic impulse in such an interposed magnet operates to neutralize the retarding effect of the magnetic fields of the magnet on the outside of the tines of the fork, and therefore permits the tines of the fork to vibrate with more freedom, and, consequently, with greater rapidity.

in starting the apparatus the vibratorat station X is put in motion, as hereinbefore described, and the adjustment of the apparatus is completed by the operator at station Y. The fork at Y is started into vibration, and the switch M between the connected 9s and are left open.

and the battery K and the switch N between the connected 10s and the eorrectingcoils, If the disks and trailing fingers do not start in synchronism when the finger f at the station X is on one of the 9s, which is connected with the battery K, an impulse of electricity will be sent over the line through the one of the instrumentcontacts on which the finger f at station Y happens to rest, and the operator in charge of the synchronizing apparatus will hear the sounds caused by such impulses of electricity on the sounders of the four instruments at station Y. If the finger f at Y is moving faster than that at X, the sound will pass, successively, from'one instrument to another-say from R to It to It to R. The operator will then know that his contact-finger f is moving faster than the finger at the other station. By adjusting the screw pole pieces of the vibrator-magnet he can diminish the speed of vibration of the fork at his station until the sounds on the instruments cease, He will then know that the fingers at each station are moving together and will close the switches M and N, and any variations of mo tion that subsequently occur will be automatically corrected from either end of the line by the batteries K K I prefer, however, to employ a supplementary ticker or sounder, T, connected with one of the unconnected contacts at each station, so that when the apparatus is running synchronously there will be one stroke of the ticker at each station for each revolution of the trailing fingers. hen the operator, therefore hears a continued sounding on theticker, he knows that the apparatus is synchronous, and closes the switches, as just above mentioned.

The operation just described assumes that the four sets of instruments at station Y are within the hearing of the operator in charge of the synchronizing movement. In practice, however, the four instruments may be placed in different parts of a city, or even in adjoining cities. In order, therefore, to enable the operator to hear or know whether his instrument is running out of time with that at station X, I place a relay or indicator, V, in each of the circuits r 1" 1* 2-, as indicated on the circuit 0' in Fig. 4. In practice these indicating instruments are arranged in a case, as indicated in Fig. 5, through which the lines to the different instruments pass. The operator can then tell the relative speeds of the apparatus either by the sound or appearance of the indicators.

As illustrated both in Figs. 4 and 5, a threepoint switch, c, is provided in connection with each of the indicators or relays V, so that these instruments may be thrown in or out of circuit, as desired. Obviously such indicators V may be practical telegraphic instruments, by means of which the operator in charge of the synchronous movement may communicate with the operators at the distant termini of the line.

The organization and operation of the synchronizing devices have been described in com nection with Figs. 1 and 2. WVhen the apparatus at each station is, however, connected up with instruments for telegraphic transmis- 5 sion, as-illustrated in Fig. 5, the correcting.-

battery 9s -will be connected through the wires t t t with one section of the split battery MB, which also serves .as the main battery for telegraphic transmission. There is therefore 10 but one main battery at each station.

When the apparatus above described is connected upon long lines, there is apt to be more or less of a static discharge when the circuit is completed through each of the contacts. I11

I 5 order to neutralize the effect of this discharge, I place condensers L in each of the telegraphic circuits, as illustrated at a in the accompanying drawings. The operation of such a condenser is well understood, and needs no description. I

The herein described improved synchronous. movement broadly constitutes the subject-matter of another application filed simultaneously herewith, and serially numbered 91,489, and no claim is made herein to the movement parse,- but this application is limited to the system of telegraphic transmission.

. Simultaneously herewith I hate filed several applications for patent, serially numbered ,091,489, 91,490, 91,491, and 91,492, in all of which substantially the same arrangement of contacts and rotary apparatus, but difierent means for maintaining the synchronous movement, 'are'shown. Obviously the telegraphic 5 system described and claimed is equally applicable to those organizations, though I deem the one herein described the best.

I have stated above that I preferably employ an independently-actuated vibratory cir- 0 cuit-breaker at each station. The organizations claimed in this application are, however, not dependent upon the use of vibrations, as non-vibratory circuit-bieakers-such, for instance, as that shown in my application for 4 5 patent for synchronous movement filed simultaneously herewith, and serially numbered 91,492, may be employed.

Any subject-matter herein shown or dcscribed, but claimed in cases 91,488, 91,489, 91,490, 91,491, or 91,492, filed of even date herewitlnor No. 102,928, filed August 6, 1883, are disclaimcd herein. 7

I claim as my invention I 1. The combination, substantially as set forth, at electrically-conneeted stations, of a series of contacts connected in independent groups, so that the circuit of each group includes a number of contacts placed at inter- -vals in the series, mechanism at each station a for successively completing and breaking the line-circuit through said contacts, telegraphic instruments in' the circuit of each group of contacts, continuouslyactuated circuit-completing mechanism, and means for automati- (1 cally independently correcting the speed of such mechanism.

2. The combination, substantially as set forth, at electrically-connected stations, of two 'ratus to maintain their synchronous move ment. 7

3. The combination, substantially as set forth, at electrically-connected stations, of

branch lines at each station, rotary apparatus for successively placing the branch lines in connection with the main line several times in each revolution, mechanism for actuating the apparatus at both stations, and means for in dependently correcting the speed of the apparatus to maintain their synchronous movement, so that the corresponding branch lines at the two stations will be successively placed in communication several times in each revo lution of the apparatus.

4. The combination, .substantially as set forth, of telegraphic stations connected by a main line, a table of insulated contact-pieces at each station, telegraphic instruments at each station, each connected in independent circuit with some of the insulated contactpieces, a trailing finger or circuit-completer at each station, which moves over the table of contacts, and with which the main line is connected, electrical apparatus for continuously rotating the trailing finger at each station,

the correcting insulated contacts at each station connected together and to a battery, and the other correcting contacts connected together, and through the coils of the correcting magnet at each station, for correcting the movement of the electrical apparatus which rotates the trailing circuit-completers.

5. The combination, substantially as set forth, of telegraphic stations, the main line, a rotating trailing finger or circuit-completer at each station, electrical apparatus for independently, automatically, and continuously rotating said circuit-completers, the circular tables of insulated contacts over which the trailing fingers move, said contacts being divided into series of equal numbers, telegraphic instruments each connected in independent circuit with some of the contacts in each series, correcting-batteries connected with other of the contacts, and correcting-coils for main taining the synchronous movement of the apparatus connected to other contacts, and so arranged that when the instrument at one stationruns out of time with that at the other station an impulse of electricity will be transmitted from that station through the batteryconnected contacts over the line, and through the correcting-coil-connected contacts at the other station through said coils, as set forth.

6. The combination of telegraphic stations, the main line connecting them, a rotating circuit-completer at each station, electrical apparatus for automatically and continuously rotating said circuitcompleter, circular tables of contacts over which the circuit-completers travel, telegraphic instruments each connected in independent circuit with some of said contacts, correcting batteries and magnets each connected with some of the remaining contacts for maintaining the synchronous movement of the apparatus, and an indicator or supplementary telegraphic instrument placed in the circuit of each of the first-mentioned telegraph-instruments between those instruments and the table of contacts, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of telegraphic stations, the main line connecting them, a rotating circuit-eompleter at each station, electrical apparatus for automatically and continuously rotating said circuit-completer, a circular table of contacts over which the circuit-completer at each station travels, telegraphic instru ments each connected in independent circuit with some of said contacts, correcting batteries I those instruments and the table of contacts,

8. The combination, substantially as set forth, of two independently -rotated instruments, a mainline connecting them, apparatus for independently actuating the instruments, correcting coils or magnets for correcting the motion of such apparatus by direct electromagnetic action, the tables of contacts, telegraphic instruments, the contacts with which they are connected, the correcting-contacts, connected with the correcting coils and batteries, and circuit-completers.

9. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the independently-rotated instruments, a main line connecting them, electrically-controlled apparatus for independently and continuously rotating the instruments, tables of contacts, telegraphic instruments, the contacts with which they are connected, circuit-completers, and means for automatically correcting the speed of the electrically-controlled primary actuating apparatus, to insure the synchronous movement of the instruments.

10. The combination, substantially as set forth, of the table of contacts, an electric circuit or line, a circuit-completer, telegraphic instruments electrically connected with contacts on the table, and indicators placed in the lines between the telegraphic instruments and said contacts.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 3d day of April, A. D. 1883.

PATRICK B. DELANY.

\Vitnesscs:

Enwn. A. OALAHAN, H. D. MUNsoN. 

